https://doi.org/10.52973/rcfcv-e34462
Received: 30/05/2024 Accepted: 22/06/2024 Published: 31/08/2024
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Revista Científica, FCV-LUZ / Vol. XXXIV, rcfcv-e34462
ABSTRACT
Vagococcus salmoninarum is a pathogen causing vagococcosis in
rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, Walbaum 1792) broodstock and





V. salmoninarum

™



V. salmoninarum 
with high mass score value (m/z


V. salmoninarum
Key words: Vagococcus salmoninarum

™

RESUMEN
Vagococcus salmoninarum es un patógeno que causa vagococosis
en reproductores de trucha arcoíris (Oncorhynchus mykiss, Walbaum



V. salmoninarum
obtenidos de órganos internos ampliamente infectados de un total
de cincuenta peces fueron confirmados fenotípicamente como


™



como V. salmoninarum
valor de puntuación de masa alto (m/z


V. salmoninarum
Palabras clave: Vagococcus salmoninarum

™

Vagococcus salmoninarum
(Oncorhynchus mykiss

 Vagococcus salmoninarum en  (Oncorhynchus mykiss 

İfakat Tülay Çağatay
Akdeniz University, Faculty of Fisheries, Department of Basic Sciences, Molecular Microbiology Laboratory. Antalya, Türkiye.
*Corresponding author: tulaycagatay@gmail.com
Vagococcus salmoninarum from rainbow trout based MALDI-TOF / Çağatay _______________________________________________________
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
Vagococcus salmoninarum


o
12

(Oncorhynchus mykiss  4
V. salmoninarum1]
and then brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis7
9111214
salmon (Salmo salar) and brown trout (Salmo trutta

11











V. salmoninarum
1



17
Vagococcus



emerged as a promising method for diagnosing and differentiating

1921




2224

V. salmoninarum in samples collected during
outbreaks of vagococcosis in rainbow tr

) were sampled (average






 V. salmoninarum 
S. epidermidis 


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
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

721
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
 
  

and 

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




et al.


et al.



μ

μ
α

27






spectra in the database was recorded on a logarithmic scale ranging

29



paleness 


91217




FIGURE 1. Post–mortem examination of sh and arrows show infected areas A) hemorrhage in liver B) hemorrhage in gill C)
paleness of heart and gill D) infected kidney
A B
C
FIGURE 2. Colony morphology of Vagococcus salmoninarum (S4)
isolated from heart tissue on TSA medium
_____________________________________________________________________________Revista Cientifica, FCV-LUZ / Vol. XXXIV, rcfcv-e34462


et al.12] in

found after inoculation in samples taken from the internal orga
V. salmoninarum


™




biochemical and cultural characteristics of the V. salmoninarum


™

et al.] reported that V. salmoninarum was placed in
Streptoccocus


et al.et al.et al.11
et al.14



antibiotics (





V. salmoninarum isolates were resistant to antibiotics


TABLE I
Biochemical characterization of isolates and reference strain by BBL Crystal
™
GP identication system and antibiotic susceptibility
Characteristics
Vagococcus
salmoninarum
ATCC 51200
Sensitivity of Isolates
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Growth at
10
o
C + + + + + + + + + + + + +
15
o
C + + + + + + + + + + + + +
20–22
o
C + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Hemolysis
α α α α α α α α α α α α α
Growth in
2% NaCl + + + + + + + + + + + + +
4% NaCl + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Arabinose – – – – – – – – – – – – –
Mannose + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Sucrose + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Melibiose – – – – – – – – – – – – –
Rhamnose – – – – – – – – – – – – –
Sorbitol – – – – – – – – – – – – –
Mannitol – – – – – – – – – – – – –
Adonitol – – – – – – – – – – – – –
Galactose – – – – – – – – – – – – –
Inositol – – – – – – – – – – – – –
Esculin + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Urea – – – – – – – – – – – – –
Glycine + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Treazolium + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Arginine – – – – – – – – – – – – –
Lysine NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
p–nitrophenyl galactosidase – – – – – – – – – – – – –
p–nitrophenyl α–β–glucosidase + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Antibiotic susceptibility
Sulfamethoxazole+trimethoprim R R R R R R NC R R R R R R
Neomycin R R R R R NC R R R R
R R R
Oxalinic acid R R R R R R R R R R R R R
Enrooxacin R R R R R NC R R R R R R R
Ciprooxacin R R R R R R R R R R R R R
Flumequine R R R NC R R R NC R R R R NC
Streptomisin R R R R R R R R R R R R R
Sulfafurazole R R R R R R R R R R R R R
Tetracycline R R R R R R R R R R R R R
Amoxicillin R R R R R R R R R R R R R
Streptomycin R R R R R R R R R R R R R
Chloramphenicol R R R R R R R R R R R R R
Florfenicol S S S S S S S S S S S S S
Kanamycin S S S S S S S S S S S S S
Eritromycin S S S S S S S S S S S S S
Vancomycin S S S S S S S S S S S S S
Ampicillin S S S S S S S S S S S S S
Nitrofurantoin I I I I I I I NC NC I I I I
Gentamycin NC NC NC NC S S S S S S S S S
+:positive, – :negative, α:Alpha hemolysis, NA:not available, NC: No calculation, S: Susceptible, I: Moderately susceptible, R: Resistant
Vagococcus salmoninarum from rainbow trout based MALDI-TOF / Çağatay _______________________________________________________
4 of 7

1214et al.17] reported that two of the



that 
 and ampicillin which were
1214] could be used for 
TABLE II
Comparison of the results of penotypic, genomic and proteomic methods used in the identication of Vagococcus spp.
Sample No Isolate/Strain Name
BBL Crystal
™
GP
Identication
16S rDNA Gene
Identication
MALDI–TOF MS Identication
Best Match Bacteria Score Values
S1*
Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 35984 – – S. epidermidis 2.80
S2*
Staphylococcus warneri DSMZ 20316 – – S. warneri 2.90
S3*
Vagococcus salmoninarum ATCC 5120 + + V. salmoninarum 3.00
S4 Clinic Isolate 1
+ + V. salmoninarum 3.00
S5 Clinic Isolate 2
+ + V. salmoninarum 2.30
S6 Clinic Isolate 3
+ + V. salmoninarum 2.40
S7 Clinic Isolate 4
+ + V. salmoninarum 2.58
S8 Clinic Isolate 5
+ + V. salmoninarum 2.86
S9 Clinic Isolate 6
+ + V. salmoninarum 2.30
S10 Clinic Isolate 7
+ + V. salmoninarum 2.30
S11 Clinic Isolate 8
+ + V. salmoninarum 2.20
S12 Clinic Isolate 9
+ + V. salmoninarum 2.80
S13 Clinic Isolate 10
+ + V. salmoninarum 2.46
S14 Clinic Isolate 11
+ – V. uvialis 2.24
S15
Clinic Isolate 12
+ – V. lutrae 2.16
*:Reference strains, Vagococcus uvialis: V. uvialis, Vagococcus lutrae: V. lutrae
FIGURE 3. Representative MALDI–TOF mass peptide proles of Vagococcus salmoninarum (S4)
_____________________________________________________________________________Revista Cientifica, FCV-LUZ / Vol. XXXIV, rcfcv-e34462




were 



1
1214

™

as 


Streptococcus 
14pheS gene
717] are more
accurate for the detection of V. salmoninarum



V. salmoninarum (mass

 V. lutrae


mass peak graph for V. salmoninarum





spectra of ten V. salmoninarum
results with the reference spectra in the  resulted in the
V. salmoninarum
Vagococcus salmoninarum from rainbow trout based MALDI-TOF / Çağatay _______________________________________________________




of V. salmoninarum
21V. salmoninarum using this


]
et al.

Vagococcus
V. salmoninarum
contain spectrum peak data for  and V. lutrae
it is though that these problems will be solve in the new and updated




V. salmoninarum isolated from rainbow













and their ethical compliance was approved with the protocol number





 

Carnobacterium and related lactic acid bacteria and description
of Vagococcus salmoninarum

 




 
th



 



 
Vagococcus salmoninarum
in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss

 


 
Vagococcus salmoninarum


 Vagococcus
salmoninarum


 
Vagococcus salmoninarum della trota iridea in
Vagococcus salmoninarum infection in rainbow trout


 
of Vagococcus salmoninarum in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss


 Vagococcus
salmoninarum
riproduttori di trota iridea (Oncorhynchus mykiss
Vagococcus salmoninarum in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)


 
isolation of Vagococcus salmoninarum from cultured rainbow
trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss


 
Vagococcus salmoninarum in


 Vagococcus
salmoninarum
(Oncorhynchus mykiss


 

Vagococcus salmoninarum
_____________________________________________________________________________Revista Cientifica, FCV-LUZ / Vol. XXXIV, rcfcv-e34462
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coldwater streptococcosis in broodstock brook trout (Salvelinus
fontinalis

 

nd




 
perspective on a Vagococcus salmoninarum outbreak in rainbow


 
Flavobacterium
psychrophilum

 

Streptococcus iniae





 Vagococcus
salmoninarum

 




 






Cronobacter








Photobacterium
damselaepiscicida




Vibrio (Listonella) anguillarum isolated from sea


 




 
Mycobacterium marinumM. peregrinum
M. fortuitum and M. abscessus

 



 
Vagococcus
carniphilus


 
Vagococcus salmoninarum



 





 



not belonging to the Streptococcus genus
