The influence of alive or heat - killed Limosilactobacillus reuteri administration on some serum antioxidant and cytokine levels in rats exposed to cadmium
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the effects of alive or heat - killed Limosilactobacillus reuteri (L. reuteri) administration on some blood antioxidant and cytokine levels in rats exposed to chronic cadmium toxicity. For this purpose, rats (n = 48) were randomly separated into six equal groups : cadmium, alive L. reuteri, cadmium + alive L. reuteri, dead L. reuteri, cadmium + dead L. reuteri, and control. cadmium was administered orally to the cadmium, cadmium + alive L. reuteri, and cadmium + dead L. reuteri groups three times a week for four weeks. Also, alive or heat - killed L. reuteri were administered orally to alive L. reuteri, dead L. reuteri, cadmium + alive L. reuteri, and cadmium + dead L. reuteri groups at the same periods. After the treatment period, serum samples were obtained from the animals and analyzed for serum cadmium and glutathione peroxidase levels, catalase and superoxide dismutase enzyme activities, malondialdehyde concentration, and tumor necrosis factor - alpha (TNF - α), interleukin - 6 (IL - 6), IL - 10, and IL - 1beta (β) levels. The administration of alive or heat - killed reuteri suspension decreased the cadmium accumulation in serum samples of alive L. reuteri and dead L. reuteri (especially) group animals compared to the cadmium group (P < 0.05). While the administration of alive L. reuteri lowered serum superoxide dismutase enzyme activity, the dead L. reuteri decreased glutathione peroxidase levels in comparison to the control group (P < 0.05). In conclusion, alive and dead L. reuteri strains had varied protective effects on the serum cytokine levels of rats, but their effects on oxidative stress indicators were limited.
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