Resistance and sensitivity profile to antibiotic in bacterial infections identified in the urinary tract of canines and felines
Abstract
Urinary tract infections caused by bacteria are common in both dogs and cats, and antibiotic treatment is widespread. However, the resulting multidrug resistance poses a significant threat to both animal and human health. The objective of this study was to determine the profile of multidrug resistance and antimicrobial susceptibility of bacterial infections identified in the urinary tracts of dogs and cats in the Mucho Lote 2 community, Guayaquil, from July to December 2024. The study included 46 dogs and 23 cats that independently presented symptoms such as difficulty urinating, increased urinary frequency, pain during urination, vocalization while urinating, lethargy, and loss of appetite. Laboratory tests were conducted to identify bacteria in the urinary tract, and isolates were treated with 17 different antibiotics to determine their resistance or susceptibility profiles using antibiograms. Bacteria resistant to three or more antibiotics were classified as multidrug-resistant. The ccurrence of urinary tract infections in pets was high (72.5%), higher in dogs (87.0%) than in cats (43.5%). In dogs, the most commonly identified bacteria were E. coli (26.0%), Pseudomonas spp. (20.0%), Enterococcus spp. (12.0%), and Proteus spp. (10.0%). A similar pattern was observed in cats, although the frequency and bacterial count were lower, likely due to their more effective defense mechanisms. Both E. coli and Pseudomonas spp. Showed multidrug resistance in dogs and cats. Additionally, Enterococcus spp. And Proteus spp. Exhibited multidrug resistance in dogs.
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