Crecimiento, composición corporal y actividades de enzimas digestivas en truchas alimentadas con una dieta de beta-glucano que contiene manano oligosacáridos
Resumen
En esta investigación se analizaron los efecto de una levadura que contiene el prebiótico β-glucano, sobre los parámetros de crecimiento y las actividades enzimáticas en la trucha arcoíris (Oncorhynchus mykiss) a diferentes proporciones. Los peces se colocaron aleatoriamente en tanques de plástico (120 x 50 x 32 cm) (73,37 ± 0,21 g; n = 90) en tres grupos experimentales con réplicas. Se prepararon tres dietas diferentes: 0 g/kg en el grupo G-1 (control), 0,5 g/kg manano oligosacaridos + β-glucano en el grupo G-2 y 1 g/kg de prebiótico manano oligosacaridos + β-glucano en el grupo G-3. Los peces fueron alimentados con estas dietas experimentales durante 60 días. Al final del experimento, los mayores valores de peso y ganancia de peso fueron 155,38 ± 0,19 g y 81,76 ± 0,16 g, respectivamente, en el grupo G-2 al comparar el peso vivo promedio y la ganancia de peso. El índice de conversión alimenticia, la tasa de crecimiento específico, el índice de eficiencia proteica y la tasa de supervivencia mostraron los valores más altos en el grupo G-2 con 1,13 ± 0,03; 1,24 ± 0,03; 1,91 ± 0,001; y 93,33 ± 3,33, respectivamente (P < 0,05). La mayor actividad de pepsina se observó en el grupo G-2 (P < 0,05) con 163,94 ± 2,23 U/ mg proteína. Las actividades más altas de tripsina, amilasa y lipasa también se encontraron en el grupo G-2 con 1,09 ± 0,05; 5,31 ± 0,22; y 4,38 ± 0,11 U/mg proteína, respectivamente (P < 0,05). No hubo diferencias significativas entre los grupos en cuanto a los componentes nutricionales del músculo (P > 0,05). Se ha determinado que la adición de levadura con el prebótico β-glucano afecta positivamente tanto los parámetros de crecimiento de la trucha como todas las actividades enzimáticas, pero el grupo suplementado con 0,5 g/kg de β-glucano mostró diferencias significativamente mayores (P < 0,05) que los demás.
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