El sistema de aplicación de la ley como fenómeno social: estructura y perspectivas de desarrollo
Palabras clave:
justicia social, sistema de aplicación de la ley, principios, organismos encargados de hacer cumplir la ley, tribunales, relaciones policiales, derecho, función policial, fenómeno social
Resumen
El objetivo del estudio es evaluar los enfoques científicos para la interpretación del sistema de aplicación de la ley como fenómeno social, delinear su estructura y determinar las perspectivas de desarrollo. Los métodos de investigación incluyen análisis y síntesis, inducción y deducción, generalización, análisis sistemático y explicación, que es la base para un estudio exhaustivo de los temas discutidos. La hipótesis supone que el sistema de aplicación de la ley en Ucrania es un fenómeno social estructurado, cada componente del cual desempeña un papel funcional en la protección de los derechos, libertades y bienes públicos individuales. La conclusión señala que la estructura de los organismos encargados de hacer cumplir la ley, aunque compleja, es comprensible en el contexto social. Su principal finalidad social se implementa a través de procedimientos de protección que proporcionan una transición lógica de las relaciones jurídicas protectoras a las acciones ejecutivas directas. Estas funciones, realizadas por un grupo definido de personas, son jurídicamente significativas y actúan como el eslabón final de la cadena de «establecimiento, prestación, implementación y protección». Además, son socialmente necesarios, aseguran el mantenimiento del orden público. El estudio enfatiza que la construcción de un verdadero Estado de derecho requiere optimización y mejoras estructurales a largo plazo.
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Citas
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Legenchenko, M. O. (2014). The concept of protection and defense of rights and their correlation. Scientific Bulletin of Kherson State University, No 1(6). 169–172.
Byelov, D. M., Shved, I. I., & Byelova, M. V. (2023). The law enforcement function of the state: the role and place of prosecutorial bodies. Scientific Bulletin of Uzhhorod National University, No 76(1). 13–19. https://visnyk-juris-uzhnu.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/4.pdf.
Kovaliv, M. V., Yesimov, S. S., & Lozynskyi, Y. R. (2018). Legal regulation of law enforcement activities. Lviv: Lviv State University of Internal Affairs. https://dspace.lvduvs.edu.ua/ bitstream/1234567890/73/1/kovaliv.%20esimov.pdf.
Petrushenko, V. L. (2011). Philosophical Dictionary: Terms, Personalities, Sentences. Lviv: Magnolia-2006.
Yednak, V. M. (2020). Prosecutor’s offices in the system of law enforcement agencies of Ukraine (Doctoral dissertation, Kharkiv). 446 p.
Dudchenko, O. (2019). The essence of the law enforcement system. Enterprise, Economy and Law, No 8. 144–149. http://pgp-journal.kiev.ua/archive/2019/8/28.pdf
Hrytsenko, V. G. (2015). Administrative and legal problems of optimizing the law enforcement system of Ukraine (Doctoral dissertation abstract, Kyiv). 36 p.
Malyshev, K. (2020). Conceptual-categorical apparatus of research of state policy problems in the field of law enforcement system transformation. State and Regions, No 2. 242–247. http://pa.stateandregions.zp.ua/archive/2_2020/42.pdf
Kulish, A. M. (2009). The law enforcement system of Ukraine: Administrative and legal principles of organization and functioning (Doctoral dissertation abstract, Kharkiv). 29 p.
Bilas, A. I. (2016). Law enforcement activities of EU countries: A comparative legal study (Ph.D. dissertation, Kyiv). https://old.lpnu.ua/sites/default/files/dissertation/2016/3019/dysertaciya_na_zdobuttya_naukovogo_stupenya_kandydata_yurydychnyh_nauk_bilas_a.i.pdf.
Pikulia, T. O. (2004). Law enforcement agencies in the mechanism of the state of Ukraine (Theoretical and legal issues of functioning) (Ph.D. dissertation abstract, Kyiv). 20 p.
Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. (2015). On the State Bureau of Investigation: Law of Ukraine No. 794-VIII, November 12. https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/794-19#Text
Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. (2016). On the judicial system and the status of judges: Law of Ukraine No. 1402-VIII, June 2. https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/1402-19#Text
Yusupov, V. A. (2015). Law enforcement agencies in the context of reforming the executive branch (Doctoral dissertation, Dnipropetrovsk). 38 p.
Makarchuk, V. V. (2023). Law enforcement agencies as subjects of state policy formation and implementation in the field of national security and defense: Administrative and legal aspect (Doctoral dissertation, Kyiv). 420 p.
Kopyeychikov, V. V. (Ed.). (2003). Jurisprudence (7th ed.). Kyiv: Yurinkom Inter.
Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. (2020). On private detective activity: Draft law of Ukraine No. 3010, February 4. https://w1.c1.rada.gov.ua/pls/zweb2/webproc4_1?pf3511=68051
Tyurina, O. V. (2006). Modern systems of judicial and law enforcement bodies (Comparative legal characteristics). Kyiv. https://elar.naiau.kiev.ua/server/api/core /bitstreams/24ee344d-505d- 4657-9f4c-ca31e8ceff8b/content
Bandurka, A. M. (Ed.). (1999). Judicial and law enforcement agencies of Ukraine. Kharkiv: University of Internal Affairs.
National Academy of Internal Affairs. (2024). Judicial and law enforcement agencies of Ukraine. https://arm.naiau.kiev.ua/books/spou_2019/info/lec1.html
Kolomiiets, Y. (2017). Law enforcement function of the state: Theoretical, methodological, and historical-legal problems. Kharkiv, 102–105. https://univd.edu.ua/general/publishing/ konf/27_10_2017/pdf/31.pdf
Ostrovskii, S. O. (2017). Concept and functions of the law enforcement bodies of the state. Scientific Bulletin of Kherson State University, No 1(2). 46–49.
Bezpalova, O. I. (2014). Administrative and legal mechanism for implementing the law enforcement function of the state. Kharkiv: NikaNova.
Shkindyuk, V. I. (2021). Law enforcement function as a key direction of law enforcement agencies’ activities. Interaction of civil society with the security and defense sector: Modern challenges. Kharkiv, 122–124. https://library.pp-ss.pro/index.php/ndippsn_20211221/article/view/ shkindiuk/pdf
Nakonechna, H. Y. (2014). Protective administrative-legal relations with the participation of courts. Scientific Bulletin of Uzhhorod National University, No 26. 155–158.
Serdiuk, I. A. (2008). Law enforcement relations: Concept, features, and types (Ph.D. dissertation, Kyiv).
Korneliuk, Y. (2020). Legal facts in the structure of law enforcement activities. Bulletin of the National University «Lviv Polytechnic», No 3. https://science.lpnu.ua/sites/default/files/journal-paper/2020/nov/22507/12.pdf
Legenchenko, M. O. (2014). The concept of protection and defense of rights and their correlation. Scientific Bulletin of Kherson State University, No 1(6). 169–172.
Publicado
2025-08-21
Cómo citar
Kharchenko, V., Dmytriiev, S., Koshova, O., Tomchuk, A., & Kaluhin, Y. (2025). El sistema de aplicación de la ley como fenómeno social: estructura y perspectivas de desarrollo. Interacción Y Perspectiva, 15(3), 832-842. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16915539
Sección
Artículos de Investigación
