Respuestas fisiológicas y bioquímicas de Pistacia atlantica Desf. aclimatada a la sequía frente al riego a corto plazo
Palabras clave:
Pistacia atlantica, estrés por sequía, marcadores bioquímicos, osmolitos, compuestos fenólicos
Resumen
Pistacia atlantica Desf. es una especie arbórea clave tolerante a la sequía en los ecosistemas hiperáridos del norte de África; sin embargo, se conoce poco sobre cómo sus osmólitos y su sistema antioxidante basado en compuestos fenólicos responden cuando la disponibilidad de agua mejora de manera transitoria. Este estudio evaluó los efectos a corto plazo del riego sobre los niveles de osmólitos, la composición fenólica y la actividad antioxidante en árboles de P. atlantica aclimatados a la sequía. Diez árboles adultos en la región de Igli (suroeste de Argelia) se asignaron a grupos no irrigados e irrigados. Se recolectaron hojas antes y después de 90 días de riego. El tamaño de muestra relativamente reducido refleja el número limitado de árboles disponibles y adecuados según los criterios del estudio en la zona. Se determinaron el contenido relativo de agua, la prolina, la glicina betaína, los fenoles totales y los compuestos fenólicos individuales (HPLC-DAD). Los resultados mostraron que el riego incrementó el contenido hídrico foliar en aproximadamente un 12 % y redujo significativamente la prolina (−25 %), la glicina betaína (−22 %) y los fenoles totales (−30 %), mientras que el IC₅₀ aumentó en un 25 %. Todos los compuestos fenólicos cuantificados disminuyeron tras el riego, con reducciones máximas de −24 a −27 % observadas en los ácidos clorogénico, ferúlico y p-cumárico, así como en la quercetina, mientras que los ácidos gálico, siríngico y elágico, junto con la naringenina, mostraron descensos más moderados (−8 a −16 %). La estrecha relación entre osmólitos, ácidos hidroxicinámicos clave y flavonoles, y la actividad antioxidante indica la existencia de una red de defensa integrada altamente sensible a la disponibilidad hídrica y fundamental para la resistencia a la sequía y la recuperación en esta especie.
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Smart, R. E., & Bingham, G. E. (1974). Rapid Estimates of Relative Water Content. Plant Physiology, 53(2), 258–260. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.53.2.258
Toul, F., Belyagoubi-Benhammou, N., Zitouni, A., & Atik-Bekkara, F. (2017). Antioxidant activity and phenolic profile of different organs of Pistacia atlantica Desf. subsp. atlantica from Algeria. Natural Product Research, 31(6), 718–723. https://doi.org/10.1080/14786419.2016.1217205
Toul, F., Moussouni, S., Ghembaza, N., Zitouni, A., Djendar, A., Atik-Bekkara, F., & Kokkalou, E. (2022). Identification of phenolic compounds in the buds of Algerian Pistacia atlantica desf. Subsp. atlantica by antioxidant activity guided fractionation. Journal of Complementary & Integrative Medicine, 19(2), 219–224. https://doi.org/10.1515/jcim-2021-0336
Uzilday, B., Takahashi, K., Kobayashi, A., Uzilday, R. O., Fujii, N., Takahashi, H., & Turkan, I. (2024). Role of Abscisic Acid, Reactive Oxygen Species, and Ca2+ Signaling in Hydrotropism—Drought Avoidance-Associated Response of Roots. Plants, 13(9), 1220. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13091220
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Bates, L. S., Waldren, R. P., & Teare, I. D. (1973). Rapid determination of free proline for water-stress studies. Plant and Soil, 39(1), 205–207. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00018060
Belaid, S., Nouri, T., & Benaradj, A. (2024). Therapeutic properties of the Atlas pistachio tree (Pistacia atlantica Desf.) in the Naâma region (Algeria). Biodiversity: Research and Conservation, 76(2), 39–49. https://doi.org/10.14746/biorc.2024.76.1
Bendeddouche, Z. F., Benhassaini, H., Bellatreche, M., & Belkhodja, M. (2025). Biochemical Responses of Pistacia atlantica Desf. subsP. atlantica (Anacardiaceae) Seedlings Under Saline Stress: Accumulation of Osmolytes and Antioxidants in Controlled Conditions. Journal of Applied Bioanalysis, 11(2), 162–174. https://doi.org/10.53555/jab.v11i2.196
Benmahieddine, A., Belyagoubi-Benhammou, N., Belyagoubi, L., Amari, N. O., Zerey-Belaskri, A. El, Gismondi, A., Di Marco, G., Canini, A., Habi, S., Atik Bekkara, F., & Djebli, N. (2023). Leaf-buds of Pistacia atlantica: a novel source of bioactive molecules with high anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-tyrosinase and antimicrobial properties. Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants, 29(2), 209–219. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-023-01290-z
Chelghoum, M., Guenane, H., Tahri, D., Laggoun, I., Marfoua, F. Z., Rahmani, F. Z., Khenifer, F., & Yousfi, M. (2021). Influence of altitude, precipitation, and temperature factors on the phytoconstituents, antioxidant, and α-amylase inhibitory activities of Pistacia atlantica. Journal of Food Measurement and Characterization, 15(5), 4411–4425. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11694-021-01006-5
Djoudi, W., Youb, O., Bouarfa, S., & Amara, K. (2024). Economic and social characteristics of desert agriculture in arid regions: a typological review of the Beni Abbes area in south-west Algeria. Brazilian Journal of Animal and Environmental Research, 7(4), e76067–e76067. https://doi.org/10.34188/bjaerv7n4-142
Doghbage, A., Belhadj, S., Boukerker, H., Mevy, J. P., Gauquelin, T., Tonetto, A., Habib, B., Derridj, A., Bouabdelli, Z. R., Soufan, W., & Belhouadjeb, F. A. (2024). Effect of Ecotype and Gender on the Variation of Leaf Morphological, Epidermal and Stomatal Traits among Pistacia atlantica Desf. Phyton, 93(9), 2383–2413. https://doi.org/10.32604/phyton.2024.055528
Grieve, C. M., & Grattan, S. R. (1983). Rapid assay for determination of water soluble quaternary ammonium compounds. Plant and Soil, 70(2), 303–307. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02374789
Hamitouche, Y., Zeroual, A., Meddi, M., Assani, A. A., Alkama, R., Şen, Z., & Zhang, X. (2024). Projected Changes in Extreme Precipitation Patterns across Algerian Sub-Regions. Water, 16(10), 1353. https://doi.org/10.3390/w16101353
IBM SPSS Statistics. (2020). https://www.ibm.com/products/spss-statistics
Ifticene-Habani, N., Camarero, J. J., & Abdoun, F. (2025). Growth rates and responses to climate and aridity of Algerian Atlas pistachio populations. Dendrochronologia, 91, 126326. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dendro.2025.126326
Kadoma, Y., & Fujisawa, S. (2008). A Comparative Study of the Radical-scavenging Activity of the Phenolcarboxylic Acids Caffeic Acid, p-Coumaric Acid, Chlorogenic Acid and Ferulic Acid, With or Without 2-Mercaptoethanol, a Thiol, Using the Induction Period Method. Molecules, 13(10), 2488–2499. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules13102488
La, V. H., Tran, D. H., Han, V., Nguyen, T. D., Duong, V. C., Nguyen, V. H., Tran, A. T., Nguyen, T. H. G., & Ngo, X. B. (2023). Drought stress‐responsive abscisic acid and salicylic acid crosstalk with the phenylpropanoid pathway in soybean seeds. Physiologia Plantarum, 175(5). https://doi.org/10.1111/ppl.14050
Mohammadi, B., Maboud, H. E., & Seyedi, S. M. (2023). Evaluation of Two Arms of Antioxidant Machineries in Pistacia atlantica and Pistacia khinjuk under Different Climatic Conditions. Russian Journal of Plant Physiology, 70(3), 42. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1021443722602427
Nasa Power, D. (2025). NASA POWER Data Access Viewer (DAV). Https://Power.Larc.Nasa.Gov/Data-Access-Viewer/.
Razzaghi-Asl, N., Garrido, J., Khazraei, H., Borges, F., & Firuzi, O. (2013). Antioxidant Properties of Hydroxycinnamic Acids: A Review of Structure- Activity Relationships. Current Medicinal Chemistry, 20(36), 4436–4450. https://doi.org/10.2174/09298673113209990141
Singleton, V. L., & Rossi, J. A. (1965). Colorimetry of Total Phenolics with Phosphomolybdic-Phosphotungstic Acid Reagents. American Journal of Enology and Viticulture, 16(3), 144–158. https://doi.org/10.5344/ajev.1965.16.3.144
Skroza, D., Šimat, V., Vrdoljak, L., Jolić, N., Skelin, A., Čagalj, M., Frleta, R., & Generalić Mekinić, I. (2022). Investigation of Antioxidant Synergisms and Antagonisms among Phenolic Acids in the Model Matrices Using FRAP and ORAC Methods. Antioxidants, 11(9), 1784. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox11091784
Smart, R. E., & Bingham, G. E. (1974). Rapid Estimates of Relative Water Content. Plant Physiology, 53(2), 258–260. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.53.2.258
Toul, F., Belyagoubi-Benhammou, N., Zitouni, A., & Atik-Bekkara, F. (2017). Antioxidant activity and phenolic profile of different organs of Pistacia atlantica Desf. subsp. atlantica from Algeria. Natural Product Research, 31(6), 718–723. https://doi.org/10.1080/14786419.2016.1217205
Toul, F., Moussouni, S., Ghembaza, N., Zitouni, A., Djendar, A., Atik-Bekkara, F., & Kokkalou, E. (2022). Identification of phenolic compounds in the buds of Algerian Pistacia atlantica desf. Subsp. atlantica by antioxidant activity guided fractionation. Journal of Complementary & Integrative Medicine, 19(2), 219–224. https://doi.org/10.1515/jcim-2021-0336
Uzilday, B., Takahashi, K., Kobayashi, A., Uzilday, R. O., Fujii, N., Takahashi, H., & Turkan, I. (2024). Role of Abscisic Acid, Reactive Oxygen Species, and Ca2+ Signaling in Hydrotropism—Drought Avoidance-Associated Response of Roots. Plants, 13(9), 1220. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13091220
Walfish, S. (2006). Analytical methods: a statistical perspective on the ICH Q2A and Q2B guidelines for validation of analytical methods. BioPharm International, 19(12), 1–6.
Wani, A. W., Kaur, H., Verma, P., Kumar, S., Ravi, K., Mirza, A. A., Rahim, A., Gani, I., Zarina, & Zimare, S. B. (2024). Phenolic Compounds in Plants. In Plant Secondary Metabolites and Abiotic Stress (pp. 349–388). Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781394186457.ch13
Zhao, B. T., Jeong, S. Y., Kim, T. I., Seo, E. K., Min, B. S., Son, J. K., & Woo, M. H. (2015). Simultaneous quantitation and validation of method for the quality evaluation of Eucommiae cortex by HPLC/UV. Archives of Pharmacal Research, 38(12), 2183–2192. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12272-015-0642-3
Publicado
2026-05-13
Cómo citar
Toul, F., Terfaya, B., & Guenaia, A. (2026). Respuestas fisiológicas y bioquímicas de Pistacia atlantica Desf. aclimatada a la sequía frente al riego a corto plazo. Revista De La Facultad De Agronomía De La Universidad Del Zulia, 43(2), e264328. Recuperado a partir de http://www.produccioncientifica.luz.edu.ve/index.php/agronomia/article/view/45607
Número
Sección
Producción Vegetal
Derechos de autor 2026 Fethi Toul, Bouziane Terfaya, Abdelkader Guenaia
Esta obra está bajo licencia internacional Creative Commons Reconocimiento-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0.
