Education for citizenship through folklore: humanistic values in the oral culture of Kelantan

Mohd Firdaus  Che Yaacob; S. N. Suhadah T. Tuan Adnan; Norhidayu  Hasan; Rohaya  Md Ali; Rohayati  Junaidi

doi:10.5281/zenodo.16915814

Mohd Firdaus Che Yaacob University Malaysia Kelantan. 16300 Bachok, Kelantan, Malaysia. https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3730-6428
S. N. Suhadah T. Tuan Adnan University Malaysia Kelantan. 16300 Bachok, Kelantan, Malaysia. https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8886-7348
Norhidayu Hasan University Sultan Zainal Abidin. Campus Gong Badak, 21300 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia. https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4731-6410
Rohaya Md Ali University Utara Malaysia. 06010 Sintok Kedah Darul Aman, Malaysia. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6771-963X
Rohayati Junaidi University Pendidikan Sultan Idris 35900 Tanjong Malim, Perak. Malaysia. https://orcid.org/0009-0006-1987-6522

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16915814

Keywords: malay folklore, citizenship education, human values, Kelantan

Abstract

Malay folklore represents an oral tradition passed down through generations, providing essential teachings and values for the formation of young individuals. However, its transmission has declined due to a shortage of skilled storytellers and the rapid evolution of communication media, leading to its perception as irrelevant among younger generations. This study examines citizenship education through folklore, focusing on the human values present in the oral tradition of Kelantan. The research is based on the analysis of six Malay folktales from the Bachok district of Kelantan: The Murder of Raja Abdullah, Bukit Marak Bukit Keramat, Raja Siam Affected by Tuba Bunian, The Rooster Crows on the Mountain, The Development of Islamic Knowledge in Kelantan, and Is Gunung Ayam Divided into Tribes? These stories were collected through an interview with Mr. Jusoh, a renowned storyteller from Kampung Rusa. A qualitative approach was adopted, combining literature review, interviews, and surveys to ensure data authenticity. Additionally, the Quizziz tool was used to present citizenship education through folklore. A total of 75 students from the Malay Culture and Civilization course at the University of Malaysia Kelantan participated in the study. Furthermore, the study applies the Takmilah theory with the Prinsip Khalayak (Audience Principle), promoting the formation of the insan kamil (the perfect human) as an educational model. The results confirm that human values serve as a fundamental guide for citizenship education, reinforcing the relevance of folklore in the community life of Bachok, Kelantan.

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Author Biographies

Mohd Firdaus Che Yaacob, University Malaysia Kelantan. 16300 Bachok, Kelantan, Malaysia.

Senior Lecturer. Doctor of Philosophy in Heritage Studies. Faculty of Creative Technology and Heritage. University Malaysia Kelantan. 16300 Bachok, Kelantan, Malaysia.

S. N. Suhadah T. Tuan Adnan, University Malaysia Kelantan. 16300 Bachok, Kelantan, Malaysia.

Student Doctor of Philosophy in Heritage Studies. Faculty of Creative Technology and Heritage. University Malaysia Kelantan. 16300 Bachok, Kelantan, Malaysia.

Norhidayu Hasan, University Sultan Zainal Abidin. Campus Gong Badak, 21300 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia.

Lecturer. Doctor of Philosophy in Malay Language. Faculty of Languages and Communication. University Sultan Zainal Abidin. Campus Gong Badak, 21300 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia.

Rohaya Md Ali, University Utara Malaysia. 06010 Sintok Kedah Darul Aman, Malaysia.

Associate professor. Doctor of Philosophy in Malay Literature. Center for the Study of Language, Civilization, and Philosophy. University Utara Malaysia. 06010 Sintok Kedah Darul Aman, Malaysia.

Rohayati Junaidi, University Pendidikan Sultan Idris 35900 Tanjong Malim, Perak. Malaysia.

Senior Lecturer. Doctor of Philosophy in Modern Malay Literature. Faculty of Languages and Communication, University Pendidikan Sultan Idris 35900 Tanjong Malim, Perak. Malaysia.

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