Bienestar emocional de los docentes universitarios: Un análisis de las dimensiones clave
Abstract
El bienestar emocional es un aspecto fundamental para el desempeño y satisfacción de los docentes universitarios. Este estudio se propuso analizar las principales dimensiones que contribuyen al bienestar emocional de los docentes de la Universidad Estatal de Milagro en Ecuador. Se adoptó un diseño cuantitativo, descriptivo y correlacional para evaluar a 689 docentes, utilizando el Cuestionario de Felicidad de Oxford y el software SPSS versión 25.0 para el análisis de datos. Los resultados obtenidos del análisis de componentes principales y confirmatorio indicaron que sentido positivo, satisfacción y alegría, son constructos críticos y están altamente interrelacionados. Las varianzas y correlaciones significativas confirmaron la validez y fiabilidad del modelo ajustado. El estudio concluyó que el bienestar emocional en los docentes universitarios está determinado por el apoyo social, la gestión del estrés, la resiliencia y la satisfacción profesional. Se destacan las interrelaciones significativas entre sentido positivo, satisfacción y alegría. Los hallazgos sugieren que programas integrales que aborden estos factores pueden mejorar significativamente el bienestar docente.
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References
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Cevallos, D. P., Moreira-Choez, J. S., Lamus, T. M., y Sánchez-Urdaneta, A. B. (2023). Psychosocial effects of COVID-19 in Ecuadorian university professors. Revista de Ciencias Sociales (Ve), XXIX(2), 15-31. https://doi.org/10.31876/rcs.v29i2.39960
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Clapham, D., Foye, C., y Christian, J. (2018). The concept of subjective well-being in housing research. Housing, Theory and Society, 35(3), 261-280. https://doi.org/10.1080/14036096.2017.1348391
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Graciyal, D. G., y Viswam, D. (2021). Social media and emotional well-being: Pursuit of happiness or pleasure. Asia Pacific Media Educator, 31(1), 99-115. https://doi.org/10.1177/1326365X211003737
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Hennicks, E. C., Heyns, M. M., y Rothmann, S. (2024). Social wellbeing profiles: Associations with trust in managers and colleagues, job satisfaction, and intention to leave. Frontiers in Psychology, 15, 1157847. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1157847
Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., y Sarstedt, M. (2015). A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance-based structural equation modeling. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 43(1), 115-135. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-014-0403-8
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Hernández-Gracia, T. J., Anaya, P. A., Duana-Avila, D., y Brito, C. J. (2023). Felicidad laboral en trabajadores de empresas manufactureras en una región hidalguense. Revista de Ciencias Sociales (Ve), XXIX(E-8), 492-503. https://doi.org/10.31876/rcs.v29i.40970
Hills, P., y Argyle, M. (2002). The Oxford happiness questionnaire: A compact scale for the measurement of psychological well-being. Personality and Individual Differences, 33(7), 1073-1082. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0191-8869(01)00213-6
Kent, K., Goetzel, R. Z., Roemer, E. C., Prasad, A., y Freundlich, N. (2016). Promoting healthy workplaces by building cultures of health and applying strategic communications. Journal of Occupational & Environmental Medicine, 58(2), 114-122. https://doi.org/10.1097/JOM.0000000000000629
Koo, T. K., y Li, M. Y. (2016). A guideline of selecting and reporting intraclass correlation coefficients for reliability research. Journal of Chiropractic Medicine, 15(2), 155-163. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcm.2016.02.012
Krasko, J., Intelisano, S., y Luhmann, M. (2022). When happiness is both joy and purpose: The complexity of the pursuit of happiness and well-being is related to actual well-being. Journal of Happiness Studies, 23(7), 3233-3261. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-022-00541-2
Lang, L., Zhang, L., Zhang, P., Li, Q., Bian, J., y Guo, Y. (2018). Evaluating the reliability and validity of SF-8 with a large representative sample of urban Chinese. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, 16(1), 55. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12955-018-0880-4
Lui, P. P., y Fernando, G. A. (2018). Development and initial validation of a multidimensional scale assessing subjective well-being: The Well-Being Scale (WeBS). Psychological Reports, 121(1), 135-160. https://doi.org/10.1177/0033294117720696
Marsh, H. W., Huppert, F. A., Donald, J. N., Horwood, M. S., y Sahdra, B. K. (2020). The Well-Being Profile (WB-Pro): Creating a theoretically based multidimensional measure of well-being to advance theory, research, policy, and practice. Psychological Assessment, 32(3), 294-313. https://doi.org/10.1037/pas0000787
Marsh, H. W., Morin, A. J. S., Parker, P. D., y Kaur, G. (2014). Exploratory structural equation modeling: An integration of the best features of exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 10(1), 85-110. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-032813-153700
Martela, F., y Sheldon, K. M. (2019). Clarifying the concept of well-being: Psychological need satisfaction as the common core connecting eudaimonic and subjective well-being. Review of General Psychology, 23(4), 458-474. https://doi.org/10.1177/1089268019880886
Pace, F., D’Urso, G., Zappulla, C., y Pace, U. (2021). The relation between workload and personal well-being among university professors. Current Psychology, 40(7), 3417-3424. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-019-00294-x
Paul, H., Bamel, U., Ashta, A., y Stokes, P. (2019). Examining an integrative model of resilience, subjective well-being and commitment as predictors of organizational citizenship behaviours. International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 27(5), 1274-1297. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOA-08-2018-1514
Ponocny, I., Weismayer, C., Stross, B., y Dressler, S. G. (2016). Are most people happy? Exploring the meaning of subjective well-being ratings. Journal of Happiness Studies, 17(6), 2635-2653. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-015-9710-0
Pujol-Cols, L. (2021). Demandas laborales y burnout: Un estudio descriptivo en docentes argentinos. Revista de Ciencias Sociales (Ve), XXVII(4), 402-421. https://doi.org/10.31876/rcs.v27i4.37280
Rahm, T., y Heise, E. (2019). Teaching happiness to teachers - Development and evaluation of a training in subjective well-being. Frontiers in Psychology, 10, 2703. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02703
Rigdon, E. E. (1996). CFI versus RMSEA: A comparison of two fit indexes for structural equation modeling. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 3(4), 369-379. https://doi.org/10.1080/10705519609540052
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Published
2025-08-26
How to Cite
Lazo-Bravo, C. S., Bravo-Alvarado, R. N., Manzano-Díaz, M., & García-Lebroc, L. A. (2025). Bienestar emocional de los docentes universitarios: Un análisis de las dimensiones clave. Revista De Ciencias Sociales, 31(3), 400-414. https://doi.org/10.31876/rcs.v31i3.44291
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