Agroindustria colombiana: Un análisis empírico de los obstáculos a la innovación
Abstract
En la actualidad, los procesos de innovación son un asunto esencial en la agenda de los gobiernos nacionales y subnacionales, dados sus efectos en la competitividad. El objetivo de la presente investigación es identificar los principales obstáculos que limitan la habilidad para innovar en empresas agroindustriales colombianas. Para tal fin, en este análisis empírico, se construyó un panel de empresas agroindustriales a partir de datos provistos por el Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadística; posteriormente, se estimó un Probit Pooled Model con errores robustos, con la finalidad de conocer el efecto y la magnitud de los obstáculos a la innovación sobre la propensión a innovar. Adicionalmente, se realizó la corrección del sesgo de la muestra propuesta en la literatura. Los resultados indican que barreras financieras, de mercado y de conocimiento, generan un impacto negativo en la propensión a innovar; mientras que las barreras de regulación incentivan a las empresas a innovar. En conclusión, se determina que el tamaño de la empresa y las barreras financieras, son determinantes clave en la propensión a innovar en la agroindustria colombiana, resaltando la necesidad de diseñar políticas públicas orientadas al incentivo tributario, como subsidios, acceso al crédito, contratación estatal, entre otras.
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References
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Alarcón, S., y Sánchez, M. (2012). External and internal R&D, capital investment and business performance in the Spanish agri-food industry. Journal of Agricultural Economics, 64(3), 654-675. https://doi.org/10.1111/1477-9552.12015
Alarcón, S., y Sánchez, M. (2014a). Cómo innovan y qué resultados de innovación consiguen las empresas agrarias y alimentarias españolas.
Cuadernos de Estudios Agroalimentarios (CEA), (6), 63-82. https://publicacionescajamar.es/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/cuadernos-de-estudios-agroalimentarios-cea-6.pdf
Alarcón S., y Sánchez, M. (August 26-29, 2014b). Relations between innovation activities and exports in food and agriculture firms. EAAE 2014 Congress: ‘Agri-Food and Rural Innovations for Healthier Societies’, Ljubljana, Slovenia. https://doi.org/10.22004/ag.econ.182974
Álvarez, R., y Crespi, G. A. (2015). Heterogeneous effects of financial constraints on innovation: Evidence from Chile. Science and Public Policy, 42, 711-724. https://doi.org/10.1093/scipol/scu091
Arce, S. (2020). Nota Técnica. La innovación agroindustrial: Componentes, tendencias y acciones. E-Agronegocios, 6(1), 25-37. https://doi.org/10.18845/rea.v6i1.4938
Arza, V., y López, E. (2018). Obstacles of innovation and firm size: A quantitative study for Argentina. Inter-american Development Bank. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0001177
Baregheh, A., Rowley J., Sambrook S., y Davies D. (2012). Innovation in food sector SMEs. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 19(2), 300-321. https://doi.org/10.1108/14626001211223919
Blanchard, P., Huiban, J.-P., Musolesi, A., y Sevestre, P. (2013). Where there is a will, there is a way? Assessing the impact of obstacles to innovation. Industrial and Corporate Change, 22(3), 679-710. https://doi.org/10.1093/icc/dts027
Bukstein, D., Hernández, E., y Usher, X. (2019). Assessing the Impacts of Market Failures on Innovation Investment in Uruguay. Journal of Technology Management & Innovation, 14(4), 137-157. http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/S0718-27242019000400137
Cainelli, G., Evangelista, R., y Savona, M. (2006). Innovation and economic performance in services. A firm level analysis. Cambridge Journal of Economics, 30(3), 435-458. https://doi.org/10.1093/cje/bei067
Canales, M., y Álvarez, R. (2017). Impacto de los obstáculos al conocimiento en la innovación de las empresas Chilenas. Journal of Technology Management & Innovation, 12(3), 78-85. https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-27242017000300008
Canepa, A., y Stoneman, P. (2008). Financial constraints to innovation in the UK: Evidence from CIS2 and CIS3. Oxford Economic Papers, 60(4), 711-730. https://doi.org/10.1093/oep/gpm044
Capitanio, F., Coppola, A., y Pascucci, S. (2010). Product and process innovation in the Italian food industry. Agribusiness, 26(4), 503-518. https://doi.org/10.1002/agr.20239
Corchuelo, B., y Ferreiro, F. J. (2019). Agri-food industry in Extremadura: Obstacles to innovation, willingness to innovate, and demanded public actions. Journal of Regional Research, (45), 181-199. https://investigacionesregionales.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/2019/12/10.-Corchuelo.pdf
Crespi, G., Olivari, J., y Vargas, F. (2016). Productividad e innovación y la nueva economía de servicios en América Latina y el Caribe: Retos e implicaciones de política. En J. C. Navarro y J. Olivari (Eds), La Política de Innovación en América Latina y el Caribe: Nuevos caminos (pp. 57-99). Inter-American Development Bank. https://publications.iadb.org/es/la-politica-de-innovacion-en-america-latina-y-el-caribe-nuevos-caminos
D’Este, P., Iammarino, S., Savona, M., y Von Tunzelmann, N. (2008). What hampers innovation? Evidence from UK CIS4. SPRU Electronic Working Paper Series (SEWPS), no. 168. https://www.ausicom.com/filelib/PDF/ResearchLibrary/Barriers%20that%20hamper%20firm%20innovation.pdf
D’Este, P., Iammarino, S., Savona, M., y Von Tunzelmann, N. (2012). What hampers innovation? Revealed barriers versus deterring barriers. Research Policy, 41(2), 482-488. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2011.09.008
D’Este, P., Rentocchini, F., y Vega-Jurado, J. (2014). The role of human capital in lowering the barriers to engaging in innovation: Evidence from the Spanish Innovation Survey. Industry and Innovation, 21(1), 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1080/13662716.2014.879252
De Fuentes, C., Santiago, F., y Temel, S. (2018). Perception of innovation barriers by successful and unsuccessful innovators in emerging economies. The Journal of Technology Transfer, 45, 1283-1307. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10961-018-9706-0
Escobar, A. Lopez, N., y Castro, R. (2023). Money talks? Obstacles to innovation in the Colombian manufacturing sector. Panorama Económico, 31(2), 139-159. https://doi.org/10.32997/pe-2023-4574
Figueiredo, J. D. C., Rodrígues, R., Lucchese, T., y Pagán, M. (2019). Processos de inovação em micro e pequenas empresas agroindustriais das regiões norte, nordeste e centro-oeste do Brasil. Revista Brasileira de Gestão e Desenvolvimento Regional, 15(3), 202-215. https://www.rbgdr.net/revista/index.php/rbgdr/article/view/4677
García, J. J., Ochoa, I., y Valenzuela, A. (2021). Innovación en economías latinoamericanas: Análisis comparativo con respecto a Corea del Sur. Revista de Ciencias Sociales (Ve), XXVII(4), 62-75. https://doi.org/10.31876/rcs.v27i4.37234
García-Quevedo, J., Pellegrino, G., y Savona, M. (2017). Reviving demand-pull perspectives: The effect of demand uncertainty and stagnancy on R&D strategy. Cambridge Journal of Economics, 41(4), 1087-1122. https://doi.org/10.1093/cje/bew042
Hall, B. H. (2002). The financing of research and development. Oxford Review of Economic Policy, 18(1), 35-51 https://doi.org/10.1093/oxrep/18.1.35
Hall, B. H. (2010). The financing of innovative firms. Review of Economics and Institutions, 1(1), 1-30. https://rei.unipg.it/rei/article/view/4
Hottenrott, H., y Peters, B. (2012). Innovative capability and financing constraints for innovation: More money, more innovation? The Review of Economics and Statistics, 94(4), 1126-1142. http://www.jstor.org/stable/23355345
Hueske, A.-K., y Guenther, E. (2015). What hampers innovation? External stakeholders, the organization, groups and individuals: A systematic review of empirical barrier research. Management Review Quarterly, 65(2), 113-148. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11301-014-0109-5
Iammarino, S., Sanna-Randaccio, F., y Savona, M. (2009). The perception of obstacles to innovation. Foreign multinationals and domestic firms in Italy. Revue D’économie Industrielle, 125(1), 75-104. https://doi.org/10.4000/rei.3953
Lachman, J., y López, A. (2019). Innovation obstacles in an emerging high tech sector: The case of precision agriculture in Argentina. Management Research: Journal of the Iberoamerican Academy of Management, 17(4), 474-493. https://doi.org/10.1108/MRJIAM-11-2018-0883
Luna-Amador, J. A., Escobar-Espinoza, Á. A., y Caraballo-Payares, A. M. (2023). La importancia de la innovación en los procesos de relocalización empresarial: Una revisión de la literatura. Encuentros, 21(1), 74-91. http://ojs.uac.edu.co/index.php/encuentros/article/view/3010
Lundvall, B.‐Å. (2007). National Innovation Systems — Analytical concept and development tool. Industry and Innovation, 14(1), 95-119. https://doi.org/10.1080/13662710601130863
Madeira, M. J., Carvalho, J., Miguel, J. R., Duarte, F. A. P., y Filho, F. D. S.P. (2017). Barriers to innovation and the innovative performance of Portuguese firms. Journal of Business, 9(1), 2-22. https://doi.org/10.21678/jb.2017.822
Melo, L. I., Corbelle, F., y Ortíz, L. T. (2023). Retos en gestión de la innovación en empresas de la agroindustria alimentaria en Boyacá, Colombia. Revista de Ciencias Sociales (Ve), XXIX(4), 185-199. https://doi.org/10.31876/rcs.v29i4.41247
Navarro-Caballero, M., Hernández-Fernández, L., Navarro-Manotas, E., y Hernández-Chacín, J. (2020). Innovación en las micro, pequeñas y medianas empresas familiares del sector manufacturero del Atlántico-Colombia. Revista de Ciencias Sociales (Ve), XXVI(4), 124-144. https://doi.org/10.31876/rcs.v26i4.34653
OCDE/Eurostat (2018). Oslo Manual 2018: Guidelines for collecting, reporting and using data on innovation. OCDE/Eurostat. https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264304604-en
Oudgou, M. (2021). Financial and non-financial obstacles to innovation: Empirical evidence at the firm level in the MENA Region. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 7(1), 28. https://doi.org/10.3390/joitmc7010028
Pellegrino, G. (2018). Barriers to innovation in young and mature firms. Journal of Evolutionary Economics, 28(1), 181-206. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00191-017-0538-0
Pellegrino, G., y Savona, M. (2013). Is money all? Financing versus knowledge and demand constraints to innovation. IEB Working Paper N. 2013/021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2341095
Pellegrino, G., y Savona, M. (2017). No money, no honey? Financial versus knowledge and demand constraints on innovation. Research Policy, 46(2), 510-521.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2017.01.001
Pincheira, A., y Araujo, A. (2025). Obstáculos a la innovación: Un análisis explicativo desde las empresas en Chile. Revista de Ciencias Sociales (Ve), XXXI(1), 423-437. https://doi.org/10.31876/rcs.v31i1.43520
Piva, M., y Vivarelli, M. (2007). Is demand-pulled innovation equally important in different groups of firms? Cambridge Journal of Economics, 31(5), 691-710. https://doi.org/10.1093/cje/bem010
Rodríguez-Burgos, K., y Miranda-Medina, C. F. (2023). Técnicas y métodos de innovación tecnológica en las pequeñas y medianas empresas. Revista de Ciencias Sociales (Ve), XXIX(4), 107-124. https://doi.org/10.31876/rcs.v29i4.41241
Romer, P. M. (1990). Endogenous Technological Change. The Journal of Political Economy, 98(5, part 2), S71-S102. https://doi.org/10.1086/261725
Savignac, F. (2008). Impact of financial constraints on innovation. Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 17(6), 553-569. https://doi.org/10.1080/10438590701538432
Schumpeter, J. A. (1944). Teoría del desenvolvimiento económico. Fondo de Cultura Económica.
Alarcón S., González, L., y Sánchez, M. (2014). Strategies for the development of new products in the Spanish agri-food industry. In Z. Andreopoulou, V. Samathrakis, S. Louca y M. Vlachopoulou (Eds.), E-Innovation for sustainable development of rural resources during global economic crisis (pp. 181-198). IGI Global Scientific Publishing. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-4550-9.ch014
Alarcón, S., y Sánchez, M. (2012). External and internal R&D, capital investment and business performance in the Spanish agri-food industry. Journal of Agricultural Economics, 64(3), 654-675. https://doi.org/10.1111/1477-9552.12015
Alarcón, S., y Sánchez, M. (2014a). Cómo innovan y qué resultados de innovación consiguen las empresas agrarias y alimentarias españolas.
Cuadernos de Estudios Agroalimentarios (CEA), (6), 63-82. https://publicacionescajamar.es/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/cuadernos-de-estudios-agroalimentarios-cea-6.pdf
Alarcón S., y Sánchez, M. (August 26-29, 2014b). Relations between innovation activities and exports in food and agriculture firms. EAAE 2014 Congress: ‘Agri-Food and Rural Innovations for Healthier Societies’, Ljubljana, Slovenia. https://doi.org/10.22004/ag.econ.182974
Álvarez, R., y Crespi, G. A. (2015). Heterogeneous effects of financial constraints on innovation: Evidence from Chile. Science and Public Policy, 42, 711-724. https://doi.org/10.1093/scipol/scu091
Arce, S. (2020). Nota Técnica. La innovación agroindustrial: Componentes, tendencias y acciones. E-Agronegocios, 6(1), 25-37. https://doi.org/10.18845/rea.v6i1.4938
Arza, V., y López, E. (2018). Obstacles of innovation and firm size: A quantitative study for Argentina. Inter-american Development Bank. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0001177
Baregheh, A., Rowley J., Sambrook S., y Davies D. (2012). Innovation in food sector SMEs. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 19(2), 300-321. https://doi.org/10.1108/14626001211223919
Blanchard, P., Huiban, J.-P., Musolesi, A., y Sevestre, P. (2013). Where there is a will, there is a way? Assessing the impact of obstacles to innovation. Industrial and Corporate Change, 22(3), 679-710. https://doi.org/10.1093/icc/dts027
Bukstein, D., Hernández, E., y Usher, X. (2019). Assessing the Impacts of Market Failures on Innovation Investment in Uruguay. Journal of Technology Management & Innovation, 14(4), 137-157. http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/S0718-27242019000400137
Cainelli, G., Evangelista, R., y Savona, M. (2006). Innovation and economic performance in services. A firm level analysis. Cambridge Journal of Economics, 30(3), 435-458. https://doi.org/10.1093/cje/bei067
Canales, M., y Álvarez, R. (2017). Impacto de los obstáculos al conocimiento en la innovación de las empresas Chilenas. Journal of Technology Management & Innovation, 12(3), 78-85. https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-27242017000300008
Canepa, A., y Stoneman, P. (2008). Financial constraints to innovation in the UK: Evidence from CIS2 and CIS3. Oxford Economic Papers, 60(4), 711-730. https://doi.org/10.1093/oep/gpm044
Capitanio, F., Coppola, A., y Pascucci, S. (2010). Product and process innovation in the Italian food industry. Agribusiness, 26(4), 503-518. https://doi.org/10.1002/agr.20239
Corchuelo, B., y Ferreiro, F. J. (2019). Agri-food industry in Extremadura: Obstacles to innovation, willingness to innovate, and demanded public actions. Journal of Regional Research, (45), 181-199. https://investigacionesregionales.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/3/2019/12/10.-Corchuelo.pdf
Crespi, G., Olivari, J., y Vargas, F. (2016). Productividad e innovación y la nueva economía de servicios en América Latina y el Caribe: Retos e implicaciones de política. En J. C. Navarro y J. Olivari (Eds), La Política de Innovación en América Latina y el Caribe: Nuevos caminos (pp. 57-99). Inter-American Development Bank. https://publications.iadb.org/es/la-politica-de-innovacion-en-america-latina-y-el-caribe-nuevos-caminos
D’Este, P., Iammarino, S., Savona, M., y Von Tunzelmann, N. (2008). What hampers innovation? Evidence from UK CIS4. SPRU Electronic Working Paper Series (SEWPS), no. 168. https://www.ausicom.com/filelib/PDF/ResearchLibrary/Barriers%20that%20hamper%20firm%20innovation.pdf
D’Este, P., Iammarino, S., Savona, M., y Von Tunzelmann, N. (2012). What hampers innovation? Revealed barriers versus deterring barriers. Research Policy, 41(2), 482-488. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2011.09.008
D’Este, P., Rentocchini, F., y Vega-Jurado, J. (2014). The role of human capital in lowering the barriers to engaging in innovation: Evidence from the Spanish Innovation Survey. Industry and Innovation, 21(1), 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1080/13662716.2014.879252
De Fuentes, C., Santiago, F., y Temel, S. (2018). Perception of innovation barriers by successful and unsuccessful innovators in emerging economies. The Journal of Technology Transfer, 45, 1283-1307. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10961-018-9706-0
Escobar, A. Lopez, N., y Castro, R. (2023). Money talks? Obstacles to innovation in the Colombian manufacturing sector. Panorama Económico, 31(2), 139-159. https://doi.org/10.32997/pe-2023-4574
Figueiredo, J. D. C., Rodrígues, R., Lucchese, T., y Pagán, M. (2019). Processos de inovação em micro e pequenas empresas agroindustriais das regiões norte, nordeste e centro-oeste do Brasil. Revista Brasileira de Gestão e Desenvolvimento Regional, 15(3), 202-215. https://www.rbgdr.net/revista/index.php/rbgdr/article/view/4677
García, J. J., Ochoa, I., y Valenzuela, A. (2021). Innovación en economías latinoamericanas: Análisis comparativo con respecto a Corea del Sur. Revista de Ciencias Sociales (Ve), XXVII(4), 62-75. https://doi.org/10.31876/rcs.v27i4.37234
García-Quevedo, J., Pellegrino, G., y Savona, M. (2017). Reviving demand-pull perspectives: The effect of demand uncertainty and stagnancy on R&D strategy. Cambridge Journal of Economics, 41(4), 1087-1122. https://doi.org/10.1093/cje/bew042
Hall, B. H. (2002). The financing of research and development. Oxford Review of Economic Policy, 18(1), 35-51 https://doi.org/10.1093/oxrep/18.1.35
Hall, B. H. (2010). The financing of innovative firms. Review of Economics and Institutions, 1(1), 1-30. https://rei.unipg.it/rei/article/view/4
Hottenrott, H., y Peters, B. (2012). Innovative capability and financing constraints for innovation: More money, more innovation? The Review of Economics and Statistics, 94(4), 1126-1142. http://www.jstor.org/stable/23355345
Hueske, A.-K., y Guenther, E. (2015). What hampers innovation? External stakeholders, the organization, groups and individuals: A systematic review of empirical barrier research. Management Review Quarterly, 65(2), 113-148. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11301-014-0109-5
Iammarino, S., Sanna-Randaccio, F., y Savona, M. (2009). The perception of obstacles to innovation. Foreign multinationals and domestic firms in Italy. Revue D’économie Industrielle, 125(1), 75-104. https://doi.org/10.4000/rei.3953
Lachman, J., y López, A. (2019). Innovation obstacles in an emerging high tech sector: The case of precision agriculture in Argentina. Management Research: Journal of the Iberoamerican Academy of Management, 17(4), 474-493. https://doi.org/10.1108/MRJIAM-11-2018-0883
Luna-Amador, J. A., Escobar-Espinoza, Á. A., y Caraballo-Payares, A. M. (2023). La importancia de la innovación en los procesos de relocalización empresarial: Una revisión de la literatura. Encuentros, 21(1), 74-91. http://ojs.uac.edu.co/index.php/encuentros/article/view/3010
Lundvall, B.‐Å. (2007). National Innovation Systems — Analytical concept and development tool. Industry and Innovation, 14(1), 95-119. https://doi.org/10.1080/13662710601130863
Madeira, M. J., Carvalho, J., Miguel, J. R., Duarte, F. A. P., y Filho, F. D. S.P. (2017). Barriers to innovation and the innovative performance of Portuguese firms. Journal of Business, 9(1), 2-22. https://doi.org/10.21678/jb.2017.822
Melo, L. I., Corbelle, F., y Ortíz, L. T. (2023). Retos en gestión de la innovación en empresas de la agroindustria alimentaria en Boyacá, Colombia. Revista de Ciencias Sociales (Ve), XXIX(4), 185-199. https://doi.org/10.31876/rcs.v29i4.41247
Navarro-Caballero, M., Hernández-Fernández, L., Navarro-Manotas, E., y Hernández-Chacín, J. (2020). Innovación en las micro, pequeñas y medianas empresas familiares del sector manufacturero del Atlántico-Colombia. Revista de Ciencias Sociales (Ve), XXVI(4), 124-144. https://doi.org/10.31876/rcs.v26i4.34653
OCDE/Eurostat (2018). Oslo Manual 2018: Guidelines for collecting, reporting and using data on innovation. OCDE/Eurostat. https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264304604-en
Oudgou, M. (2021). Financial and non-financial obstacles to innovation: Empirical evidence at the firm level in the MENA Region. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 7(1), 28. https://doi.org/10.3390/joitmc7010028
Pellegrino, G. (2018). Barriers to innovation in young and mature firms. Journal of Evolutionary Economics, 28(1), 181-206. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00191-017-0538-0
Pellegrino, G., y Savona, M. (2013). Is money all? Financing versus knowledge and demand constraints to innovation. IEB Working Paper N. 2013/021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2341095
Pellegrino, G., y Savona, M. (2017). No money, no honey? Financial versus knowledge and demand constraints on innovation. Research Policy, 46(2), 510-521.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2017.01.001
Pincheira, A., y Araujo, A. (2025). Obstáculos a la innovación: Un análisis explicativo desde las empresas en Chile. Revista de Ciencias Sociales (Ve), XXXI(1), 423-437. https://doi.org/10.31876/rcs.v31i1.43520
Piva, M., y Vivarelli, M. (2007). Is demand-pulled innovation equally important in different groups of firms? Cambridge Journal of Economics, 31(5), 691-710. https://doi.org/10.1093/cje/bem010
Rodríguez-Burgos, K., y Miranda-Medina, C. F. (2023). Técnicas y métodos de innovación tecnológica en las pequeñas y medianas empresas. Revista de Ciencias Sociales (Ve), XXIX(4), 107-124. https://doi.org/10.31876/rcs.v29i4.41241
Romer, P. M. (1990). Endogenous Technological Change. The Journal of Political Economy, 98(5, part 2), S71-S102. https://doi.org/10.1086/261725
Savignac, F. (2008). Impact of financial constraints on innovation. Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 17(6), 553-569. https://doi.org/10.1080/10438590701538432
Schumpeter, J. A. (1944). Teoría del desenvolvimiento económico. Fondo de Cultura Económica.
Published
2025-10-09
How to Cite
Gamero-Tafur, K., Meza-Martínez, S., & Escobar-Espinoza, A. (2025). Agroindustria colombiana: Un análisis empírico de los obstáculos a la innovación. Revista De Ciencias Sociales, 31, 133-145. https://doi.org/10.31876/rcs.v31i.44556
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