Transformación digital aplicada a la educación: Un mapeo sistémico
Resumen
La transformación digital representa un proceso en la modernización de las instituciones, que buscan mejora continua. El presente estudio explora el estado del arte en el contexto de la transformación digital, analizando tendencias, retos y oportunidades. La metodología utilizada es de carácter cualitativa-exploratoria. Se analizaron 278 artículos científicos indexados en Web of Science, Scopus y Google Scholar, utilizando protocolos de revisión. Entre los principales hallazgos se encuentran que la pandemia de COVID-19 sirvió como catalizador para adoptar las tecnologías, consolidando el uso de Entornos Virtuales de Enseñanza-Aprendizaje, reuniones virtuales, videolearning y la inteligencia artificial como asistente educativo. No obstante, persisten desafíos tales como las brechas digitales, económicas y competenciales; resistencia al cambio y dilemas éticos en el uso de la inteligencia artificial. Se concluye que, a pesar de la utilidad percibida con los avances tecnológicos, se prefiere la interacción presencial para cuestiones complejas y de índole práctica. Asimismo, mientras las generaciones más jóvenes se adaptan de manera orgánica a estas innovaciones, los docentes tienen más dificultades, requiriendo capacitación en estrategias pedagógicas de vanguardia. Finalmente, se recomienda que las instituciones y gobiernos prioricen la inversión en infraestructura, capacitación docente y rediseño didáctico para integrarse de manera efectiva en esta tendencia.
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