Respostas fisiológicas e bioquímicas de Pistacia atlantica Desf. aclimatada à seca à irrigação de curto prazo
Palavras-chave:
Pistacia atlantica, stress hídrico, marcadores bioquímicos, osmólitos, compostos fenólicos
Resumo
Pistacia atlantica Desf. é uma espécie arbórea-chave tolerante à seca em ecossistemas hiperáridos do Norte da África; no entanto, pouco se sabe sobre como seus osmólitos e seu sistema antioxidante baseado em compostos fenólicos respondem quando a disponibilidade hídrica é transitoriamente melhorada. Este estudo avaliou os efeitos de curto prazo da irrigação sobre os níveis de osmólitos, a composição fenólica e a atividade antioxidante em árvores de P. atlantica aclimatadas à seca. Dez árvores adultas na região de Igli (sudoeste da Argélia) foram distribuídas em grupos não irrigados e irrigados. Folhas foram coletadas antes e após 90 dias de irrigação. O tamanho amostral relativamente reduzido reflete o número limitado de árvores disponíveis e adequadas aos critérios do estudo na área. Foram determinados o conteúdo relativo de água, prolina, glicina betaína, fenólicos totais e compostos fenólicos individuais (HPLC-DAD). Os resultados mostraram que a irrigação aumentou o conteúdo hídrico foliar em cerca de 12 % e reduziu significativamente a prolina (−25 %), a glicina betaína (−22 %) e os fenólicos totais (−30 %), enquanto o IC₅₀ aumentou em 25 %. Todos os compostos fenólicos quantificados diminuíram após a irrigação, com reduções máximas de −24 a −27 % observadas para os ácidos clorogênico, ferúlico e p-cumárico e a quercetina, enquanto os ácidos gálico, siríngico e elágico, bem como a naringenina, apresentaram reduções mais moderadas (−8 a −16 %). A estreita associação entre osmólitos, ácidos hidroxicinâmicos-chave e flavonóis, e a atividade antioxidante indica uma rede de defesa integrada altamente sensível à disponibilidade hídrica e central para a resistência à seca e a recuperação nesta espécie.
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Referências
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Kadoma, Y., & Fujisawa, S. (2008). A Comparative Study of the Radical-scavenging Activity of the Phenolcarboxylic Acids Caffeic Acid, p-Coumaric Acid, Chlorogenic Acid and Ferulic Acid, With or Without 2-Mercaptoethanol, a Thiol, Using the Induction Period Method. Molecules, 13(10), 2488–2499. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules13102488
La, V. H., Tran, D. H., Han, V., Nguyen, T. D., Duong, V. C., Nguyen, V. H., Tran, A. T., Nguyen, T. H. G., & Ngo, X. B. (2023). Drought stress‐responsive abscisic acid and salicylic acid crosstalk with the phenylpropanoid pathway in soybean seeds. Physiologia Plantarum, 175(5). https://doi.org/10.1111/ppl.14050
Mohammadi, B., Maboud, H. E., & Seyedi, S. M. (2023). Evaluation of Two Arms of Antioxidant Machineries in Pistacia atlantica and Pistacia khinjuk under Different Climatic Conditions. Russian Journal of Plant Physiology, 70(3), 42. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1021443722602427
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Singleton, V. L., & Rossi, J. A. (1965). Colorimetry of Total Phenolics with Phosphomolybdic-Phosphotungstic Acid Reagents. American Journal of Enology and Viticulture, 16(3), 144–158. https://doi.org/10.5344/ajev.1965.16.3.144
Skroza, D., Šimat, V., Vrdoljak, L., Jolić, N., Skelin, A., Čagalj, M., Frleta, R., & Generalić Mekinić, I. (2022). Investigation of Antioxidant Synergisms and Antagonisms among Phenolic Acids in the Model Matrices Using FRAP and ORAC Methods. Antioxidants, 11(9), 1784. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox11091784
Smart, R. E., & Bingham, G. E. (1974). Rapid Estimates of Relative Water Content. Plant Physiology, 53(2), 258–260. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.53.2.258
Toul, F., Belyagoubi-Benhammou, N., Zitouni, A., & Atik-Bekkara, F. (2017). Antioxidant activity and phenolic profile of different organs of Pistacia atlantica Desf. subsp. atlantica from Algeria. Natural Product Research, 31(6), 718–723. https://doi.org/10.1080/14786419.2016.1217205
Toul, F., Moussouni, S., Ghembaza, N., Zitouni, A., Djendar, A., Atik-Bekkara, F., & Kokkalou, E. (2022). Identification of phenolic compounds in the buds of Algerian Pistacia atlantica desf. Subsp. atlantica by antioxidant activity guided fractionation. Journal of Complementary & Integrative Medicine, 19(2), 219–224. https://doi.org/10.1515/jcim-2021-0336
Uzilday, B., Takahashi, K., Kobayashi, A., Uzilday, R. O., Fujii, N., Takahashi, H., & Turkan, I. (2024). Role of Abscisic Acid, Reactive Oxygen Species, and Ca2+ Signaling in Hydrotropism—Drought Avoidance-Associated Response of Roots. Plants, 13(9), 1220. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13091220
Walfish, S. (2006). Analytical methods: a statistical perspective on the ICH Q2A and Q2B guidelines for validation of analytical methods. BioPharm International, 19(12), 1–6.
Wani, A. W., Kaur, H., Verma, P., Kumar, S., Ravi, K., Mirza, A. A., Rahim, A., Gani, I., Zarina, & Zimare, S. B. (2024). Phenolic Compounds in Plants. In Plant Secondary Metabolites and Abiotic Stress (pp. 349–388). Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781394186457.ch13
Zhao, B. T., Jeong, S. Y., Kim, T. I., Seo, E. K., Min, B. S., Son, J. K., & Woo, M. H. (2015). Simultaneous quantitation and validation of method for the quality evaluation of Eucommiae cortex by HPLC/UV. Archives of Pharmacal Research, 38(12), 2183–2192. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12272-015-0642-3
Algeomap. (2025). https://algeomap.rf.gd/?i=1. Accessed October 15, 2025.
Ashraf, M., & Foolad, M. R. (2007). Roles of glycine betaine and proline in improving plant abiotic stress resistance. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 59(2), 206–216. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envexpbot.2005.12.006
Bates, L. S., Waldren, R. P., & Teare, I. D. (1973). Rapid determination of free proline for water-stress studies. Plant and Soil, 39(1), 205–207. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00018060
Belaid, S., Nouri, T., & Benaradj, A. (2024). Therapeutic properties of the Atlas pistachio tree (Pistacia atlantica Desf.) in the Naâma region (Algeria). Biodiversity: Research and Conservation, 76(2), 39–49. https://doi.org/10.14746/biorc.2024.76.1
Bendeddouche, Z. F., Benhassaini, H., Bellatreche, M., & Belkhodja, M. (2025). Biochemical Responses of Pistacia atlantica Desf. subsP. atlantica (Anacardiaceae) Seedlings Under Saline Stress: Accumulation of Osmolytes and Antioxidants in Controlled Conditions. Journal of Applied Bioanalysis, 11(2), 162–174. https://doi.org/10.53555/jab.v11i2.196
Benmahieddine, A., Belyagoubi-Benhammou, N., Belyagoubi, L., Amari, N. O., Zerey-Belaskri, A. El, Gismondi, A., Di Marco, G., Canini, A., Habi, S., Atik Bekkara, F., & Djebli, N. (2023). Leaf-buds of Pistacia atlantica: a novel source of bioactive molecules with high anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-tyrosinase and antimicrobial properties. Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants, 29(2), 209–219. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-023-01290-z
Chelghoum, M., Guenane, H., Tahri, D., Laggoun, I., Marfoua, F. Z., Rahmani, F. Z., Khenifer, F., & Yousfi, M. (2021). Influence of altitude, precipitation, and temperature factors on the phytoconstituents, antioxidant, and α-amylase inhibitory activities of Pistacia atlantica. Journal of Food Measurement and Characterization, 15(5), 4411–4425. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11694-021-01006-5
Djoudi, W., Youb, O., Bouarfa, S., & Amara, K. (2024). Economic and social characteristics of desert agriculture in arid regions: a typological review of the Beni Abbes area in south-west Algeria. Brazilian Journal of Animal and Environmental Research, 7(4), e76067–e76067. https://doi.org/10.34188/bjaerv7n4-142
Doghbage, A., Belhadj, S., Boukerker, H., Mevy, J. P., Gauquelin, T., Tonetto, A., Habib, B., Derridj, A., Bouabdelli, Z. R., Soufan, W., & Belhouadjeb, F. A. (2024). Effect of Ecotype and Gender on the Variation of Leaf Morphological, Epidermal and Stomatal Traits among Pistacia atlantica Desf. Phyton, 93(9), 2383–2413. https://doi.org/10.32604/phyton.2024.055528
Grieve, C. M., & Grattan, S. R. (1983). Rapid assay for determination of water soluble quaternary ammonium compounds. Plant and Soil, 70(2), 303–307. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02374789
Hamitouche, Y., Zeroual, A., Meddi, M., Assani, A. A., Alkama, R., Şen, Z., & Zhang, X. (2024). Projected Changes in Extreme Precipitation Patterns across Algerian Sub-Regions. Water, 16(10), 1353. https://doi.org/10.3390/w16101353
IBM SPSS Statistics. (2020). https://www.ibm.com/products/spss-statistics
Ifticene-Habani, N., Camarero, J. J., & Abdoun, F. (2025). Growth rates and responses to climate and aridity of Algerian Atlas pistachio populations. Dendrochronologia, 91, 126326. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dendro.2025.126326
Kadoma, Y., & Fujisawa, S. (2008). A Comparative Study of the Radical-scavenging Activity of the Phenolcarboxylic Acids Caffeic Acid, p-Coumaric Acid, Chlorogenic Acid and Ferulic Acid, With or Without 2-Mercaptoethanol, a Thiol, Using the Induction Period Method. Molecules, 13(10), 2488–2499. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules13102488
La, V. H., Tran, D. H., Han, V., Nguyen, T. D., Duong, V. C., Nguyen, V. H., Tran, A. T., Nguyen, T. H. G., & Ngo, X. B. (2023). Drought stress‐responsive abscisic acid and salicylic acid crosstalk with the phenylpropanoid pathway in soybean seeds. Physiologia Plantarum, 175(5). https://doi.org/10.1111/ppl.14050
Mohammadi, B., Maboud, H. E., & Seyedi, S. M. (2023). Evaluation of Two Arms of Antioxidant Machineries in Pistacia atlantica and Pistacia khinjuk under Different Climatic Conditions. Russian Journal of Plant Physiology, 70(3), 42. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1021443722602427
Nasa Power, D. (2025). NASA POWER Data Access Viewer (DAV). Https://Power.Larc.Nasa.Gov/Data-Access-Viewer/.
Razzaghi-Asl, N., Garrido, J., Khazraei, H., Borges, F., & Firuzi, O. (2013). Antioxidant Properties of Hydroxycinnamic Acids: A Review of Structure- Activity Relationships. Current Medicinal Chemistry, 20(36), 4436–4450. https://doi.org/10.2174/09298673113209990141
Singleton, V. L., & Rossi, J. A. (1965). Colorimetry of Total Phenolics with Phosphomolybdic-Phosphotungstic Acid Reagents. American Journal of Enology and Viticulture, 16(3), 144–158. https://doi.org/10.5344/ajev.1965.16.3.144
Skroza, D., Šimat, V., Vrdoljak, L., Jolić, N., Skelin, A., Čagalj, M., Frleta, R., & Generalić Mekinić, I. (2022). Investigation of Antioxidant Synergisms and Antagonisms among Phenolic Acids in the Model Matrices Using FRAP and ORAC Methods. Antioxidants, 11(9), 1784. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox11091784
Smart, R. E., & Bingham, G. E. (1974). Rapid Estimates of Relative Water Content. Plant Physiology, 53(2), 258–260. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.53.2.258
Toul, F., Belyagoubi-Benhammou, N., Zitouni, A., & Atik-Bekkara, F. (2017). Antioxidant activity and phenolic profile of different organs of Pistacia atlantica Desf. subsp. atlantica from Algeria. Natural Product Research, 31(6), 718–723. https://doi.org/10.1080/14786419.2016.1217205
Toul, F., Moussouni, S., Ghembaza, N., Zitouni, A., Djendar, A., Atik-Bekkara, F., & Kokkalou, E. (2022). Identification of phenolic compounds in the buds of Algerian Pistacia atlantica desf. Subsp. atlantica by antioxidant activity guided fractionation. Journal of Complementary & Integrative Medicine, 19(2), 219–224. https://doi.org/10.1515/jcim-2021-0336
Uzilday, B., Takahashi, K., Kobayashi, A., Uzilday, R. O., Fujii, N., Takahashi, H., & Turkan, I. (2024). Role of Abscisic Acid, Reactive Oxygen Species, and Ca2+ Signaling in Hydrotropism—Drought Avoidance-Associated Response of Roots. Plants, 13(9), 1220. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13091220
Walfish, S. (2006). Analytical methods: a statistical perspective on the ICH Q2A and Q2B guidelines for validation of analytical methods. BioPharm International, 19(12), 1–6.
Wani, A. W., Kaur, H., Verma, P., Kumar, S., Ravi, K., Mirza, A. A., Rahim, A., Gani, I., Zarina, & Zimare, S. B. (2024). Phenolic Compounds in Plants. In Plant Secondary Metabolites and Abiotic Stress (pp. 349–388). Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781394186457.ch13
Zhao, B. T., Jeong, S. Y., Kim, T. I., Seo, E. K., Min, B. S., Son, J. K., & Woo, M. H. (2015). Simultaneous quantitation and validation of method for the quality evaluation of Eucommiae cortex by HPLC/UV. Archives of Pharmacal Research, 38(12), 2183–2192. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12272-015-0642-3
Publicado
2026-05-13
Como Citar
Toul, F., Terfaya, B., & Guenaia, A. (2026). Respostas fisiológicas e bioquímicas de Pistacia atlantica Desf. aclimatada à seca à irrigação de curto prazo. Revista Da Faculdade De Agronomia Da Universidade De Zulia, 43(2), e264328. Obtido de http://www.produccioncientifica.luz.edu.ve/index.php/agronomia/article/view/45607
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Direitos de Autor (c) 2026 Fethi Toul, Bouziane Terfaya, Abdelkader Guenaia
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